The Beiruter

Lebanon’s 1949 armistice shows the country once acted as a sovereign state.

The May 17, 1983 Agreement shows that Lebanon cannot negotiate or enforce any deal without full state authority and a monopoly over armed force.

Lebanon’s Maronite political culture, shaped by centuries of struggle, emphasizes freedom, coexistence, sovereignty, and a shared national identity.

Lebanon’s National Pact has failed, requiring a new power-sharing formula for political survival.